Is there such a number which when divided by 3 gives a remainder of 1; when divided by 4, gives a remainder of 2; when divided by 5, gives a remainder of 3; and when divided by 6 gives the remainder of 4?
They say the smallest such a number would be...
Explanations
There is an infinity of such numbers. The difference between the divisor and remainder is always 2. Then 2 plus the desired number is a multiple of the divisors given. The lowest common multiple of all 4 divisors, 3, 4, 5, and 6 is... 60. Subtracting 2: 60 - 2 = 58, the smallest answer.
[After Boris A. Kordemsky. The Moscow Puzzles: 359 mathematical recreations. 1972]